Fatima al-Fihri, a visionary Muslim woman of the 9th century, founded Al-Qarawiyyin University in Fez, Morocco — the oldest continuously operating university in the world. Her legacy revolutionized education, integrating faith, science, and culture, influencing generations of scholars and laying the foundations for modern universities.
Al-Biruni, the 11th-century polymath from Khwarezm, redefined science and knowledge through his pioneering work in astronomy, geography, and comparative religion. Known as “The Universal Scholar,” he measured the Earth’s radius with stunning accuracy, explored the motion of stars, and built intellectual bridges between cultures and faiths. His legacy continues to inspire the modern world, reminding us that knowledge and faith can coexist in the pursuit of truth.
Al-Hakam I, Emir of Córdoba from 796 to 822, is known for his significant contributions to the economic prosperity, cultural growth, and intellectual development of Al-Andalus. Under his rule, Córdoba became a leading center of trade, architecture, and learning, setting the foundation for the Golden Age of Islamic Spain.
